Perceived barriers to digital technology adoption in UK construction: Evidence from clerk of works, construction inspectorate and quality control management

Abstract

This study investigates the perceived barriers to digital technology adoption in the UK construction industry, focusing on Clerk of Works and Construction Inspectorate (CWCI) and Quality Control Management (QCM) roles, primarily within residential projects. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining document analysis, a structured survey (n = 20), and semi-structured interviews (n = 4). Data were analysed using inductive thematic coding and Relative Importance Index (RII). Five key barriers were identified: cost, lack of training and support, human behaviour, data security, and fragmentation. Empirical findings indicate that digital tools are widely used and improve efficiency, accuracy, traceability, and collaboration. However, adoption remains constrained by organisational and behavioural factors. Cost was identified as the most significant barrier, followed by resistance to change and lack of training and support, while fragmentation and data security were less significant. A disconnect between ISO 9001 principles and their digital implementation was identified, alongside operational constraints such as usability, administrative burden, and site conditions. The study concludes that organisational and behavioural factors present greater challenges than technological limitations. Targeted strategies, including improved training, leadership commitment, system standardisation, and strengthened digital governance, are suggested to support effective adoption