Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering (JSTCE) - HUCE

2025-06-27T09:35:28+00:00

Research on traffic organisation to prohibit left turn at signalised intersections in Hanoi

2025-06-25T18:06:49+00:00

The research was conducted to simulate and evaluate the solution of organising traffic to prohibit left turns at signalised intersections in Hanoi. In this study, PTV Vissim was used to simulate different distances from the U-turn position to the center of the intersection for each traffic approach with different number of lanes in one direction. The methodology includes field data collection, scenario development, model calibration, and comparative analysis of traffic performance indicators such as average travel time. Traffic volume and turning movement data were collected using manual survey and used as input for model validation to reflect real-world traffic conditions. Three case studies were selected to represent intersections with two to five lanes per direction per approach. The results show that the left turn movement should be organised by the left turn prohibition measure based on the traffic volume through the intersection in each direction. Additionally, the most suitable U-turn organisation location was determined based on comparing the average travel time of vehicles.

Fuzzy possibility-based safety assessment of portal steel frame

2025-06-25T18:06:50+00:00

This paper investigates the application of fuzzy possibility theory for assessing the safety of portal steel frames, addressing the limitations of traditional methods such as Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) and Al- lowable Stress Design (ASD) in handling uncertainties and subjective judgments in structural systems. Portal steel frames, widely used in industrial buildings, are susceptible to various uncertainties in loads, material prop- erties, and geometric dimensions. Unlike probability theory, fuzzy possibility theory offers a robust framework for quantifying the possibility of safety or failure under imprecise or incomplete information, making it ideal for capturing real-world variability. The study establishes a practical procedure for structural fuzzy possibil- ity analysis. It further introduces a new fuzzy possibility degree model that accounts for the importance of information at different membership levels, enhancing the assessment of structural safety compared to exist- ing models. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed model, operating within an extended possibility measure interval of (−1, 2), provides more refined and reasonable outcomes than traditional models confined to (0, 1), effectively distinguishing between absolute safety, absolute failure, and intermediate cases. Through a case study of a portal steel frame subjected to dead loads, live loads, wind loads, and foundation settlement, the paper evaluates safety and failure possibilities using deterministic and different fuzzy methods. Findings highlight the superiority of the proposed fuzzy possibilistic model in capturing complex uncertainties, though its non-traditional results require careful interpretation. Validating the model against empirical data, explor- ing sensitivity analyses, and developing normalization methods to bridge traditional and extended possibility frameworks, offer valuable insights for enhancing structural safety assessments in civil engineering.

An analytical model for evaluating lateral load-displacement curve of corroded reinforced concrete beams under cyclic loading

2025-06-25T18:09:35+00:00

This paper presents an analytical model for evaluating the nonlinear response of corrosion-affected reinforced concrete (RC) beams under cyclic loading conditions. The analytical model addresses the interdependent flex- ural and shear mechanisms through two key components: (i) a flexural analysis module employing moment- curvature relationships that integrate corrosion-induced material deterioration in the concrete cover, tension in longitudinal reinforcement, buckling effects of compressive longitudinal reinforcement, along with plastic hinge length reduction; and (ii) a modified shear capacity model based on Sezen and Moehle’s model but incor- porating ductility-related strength reduction and corrosion damage parameters for both concrete and transverse reinforcement. The model was validated against experimental data from cyclic loading tests on eleven cor- roded RC beams. The results indicate that the model can accurately predict the load-displacement curve and failure mode to a reasonable extent. A strong correlation with the experimental peak load was observed, with an average ratio of 1.03 and a coefficient of variation (COV) of 0.08. However, the predictions for ultimate displacement show more variability, with an average ratio of 0.94 and a COV of 0.32.

Multi-objective optimization for nonlinear steel frames using a parameter-less MOO algorithm and XGBoost

2025-06-25T18:06:50+00:00

This study proposes a hybrid RDMO-XGBoost method for bi-objective optimization of nonlinear steel frames, targeting minimal structural mass and top-story displacement under static loads. Traditional linear elastic mod- els fail to capture the nonlinear inelastic behavior of steel frames, such as yielding and buckling, necessitating advanced optimization strategies. The Rao-DE Multi-Objective Optimization (RDMO) algorithm, combined with Differential Evolution, ensures diverse and accurate Pareto solutions without parameter tuning. Integrated with XGBoost, a machine learning tool, the method predicts frame responses rapidly, reducing reliance on time-intensive finite element analysis. Applied to a two-story frame, RDMO-XGBoost reduced computation time by over 55% (from 50,400 to 22,370 seconds) compared to generalized differential evolution 3 (GDE3) and RDMO, while maintaining comparable performance in convergence, coverage, and diversity. Anchor point results confirm its effectiveness, achieving lower mass (5148.891 kg) and displacement (0.807 mm), demon- strating its potential for efficient and robust steel frame design optimization.

Risk-based earned value management with cost–time mutual effect to enhance construction forecasts and management

2025-06-25T18:06:50+00:00

Earned Value Management (EVM) traditionally provides single-value forecasts of project cost and schedule that often underestimate real-world complexities—particularly the correlation between delays and cost over- runs, as well as the evolution of risk over time. This paper introduces an augmented EVM approach that incorporates (i) a monthly correlation factor linking extended task durations to higher expenditures, and (ii) interval-based risk factors driving probability distributions of final cost and schedule. By merging Monte Carlo simulation with traditional EVM metrics (planned value, earned value, actual cost), this method produces robust forecast bands instead of single-value estimates, enabling proactive contingency planning. Two ac- tual construction projects—one with 10-month planned vs. 12-month actual duration, another with 18 vs. 22 months—demonstrate how the augmented EVM captures worst-case scenarios significantly better than traditional EVM, while clarifying the likelihood of potential overruns. Though sometimes conservative, the distribution-based outputs give project managers a fuller picture of uncertainty, improving resource allocation and stakeholder communication in high-volatility construction environments.

Extreme gradient boosting model for forecasting slump and compressive strength of highperformance concrete

2025-06-25T18:17:59+00:00

The Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model has found success across a wide range of engineering challenges because it is straightforward, flexible, and applicable to both classification and regression tasks. Concrete, a composite material made up of several intricate components, is affected by various factors, making it difficult to predict its properties with precision. This article presents an Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model designed to predict the slump and strength of high-performance concrete (HPC) incorporating a combination of blast furnace slag and silica fume as mineral admixtures. The model was developed using an experimental dataset following the Box-Hunter statistical method. The criteria used to assess the models’ accuracy are R squared (R_²) and mean squared error (MSE). The findings indicate that the XGBoost model, developed using an experimental dataset following the Box-Hunter statistical method, is well-suited for predicting both the slump and compressive strength of concrete.

Enhancement of polyvinyl alcohol adsorbent via crosslink with citric acid and L-lysine for biochemical recovery from food processing waste streams

2025-06-25T18:14:21+00:00

Industrial food wastewater typically contains rich organic matters and their discharge flows into water sources can cause severe environmental pollution. This study explored a novel generation of biodegradable adsorbent to extract carboxylates generated from fermented broth from the downstream wastewater in the food industry. A successful synthesis of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) crosslinked Citric Acid (CA), foamed using Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), PVA–c–CA/PEG with CA 66% of total PVA – PEG (1:1 in weight) showed the maximum gel fraction and lowest swelling degree, the most effective crosslink materials. The incorporation with crosslinker L-lysine (Lys) into the polymer network of PVA – c-CA materials attained a considerable improvement in the material’s surface morphology and adsorption capacity. Lab-scale series of adsorption experiments with a model volatile fatty acid (VFA) as acetic acid in solution achieved a maximum adsorption capacity (Q_e) of 74 mg/g and 86 mg/g after 60 min and 120 min, respectively at approximately 1 g/L acetic acid solution. The carboxylates in the effluent were recovered by this innovative green adsorption film, can be used as a biochemical platform for number purposes such as productions of detergents, polymers and biofuels. The new direction of VFA extraction is an eco-friendly opportunity which is in line with national and international targets such as using resources wisely, making products last longer, and causing as little damage to the environment as possible.

Pedestrian flow counting at urban intersections using a retrained YOLOv8 model

2025-06-26T09:33:15+00:00

This study addresses the limited application of computer vision techniques for counting pedestrians at urban intersections by developing an integrated deep learning-based framework. Three models are proposed: a detection model trained on a large, diverse pedestrian dataset; a tracking model incorporating a novel reference point on bounding boxes with an enhanced identity-switch handling algorithm; and a counting model tailored to pedestrian crossing behaviors with movement-specific algorithms. The framework was applied to a case study in Vietnam, where pedestrian flow is often complex due to mixed traffic environments. A comprehensive dataset comprising 22 video footages under both daytime and nighttime conditions yielded over 120,000 labeled pedestrian instances. The tracking model effectively captures pedestrian trajectories across crosswalks, while the counting model introduces a multi-line crossing technique to enhance accuracy at signalized intersections. Evaluation results show the counting model achieves over 98% accuracy compared to manual annotations across various time frames and pedestrian densities. These findings offer valuable tools for urban transport planners and policymakers in Vietnam and similar countries, enabling automated pedestrian data collection, improving intersection safety assessment, and supporting infrastructure design.

Buckling analysis of GPL-reinforced FGM microplates using Pb-2 Ritz functions

2025-06-25T18:20:18+00:00

In this article, a buckling analysis of rectangular microplates under various boundary conditions is studied. The microplate is made of functionally graded material (FGM) reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GPLs). The FGM matrix is assumed to vary with the power-law distribution, while the GPLs are evenly distributed along the thickness. The modified Halpin-Tsai model and the rule of mixture are used to estimate the material properties of the GPL-reinforced FGM. The governing equation for the buckling problem of the microplate is developed using the modified couple stress theory (MCST), four-variable refined plate theory (RPT-4), and the pb-2 Ritz method. The solution is validated with those in existing literature, and the effects of different parameters (material characteristics, boundary conditions, size dependency, and geometric dimensions) on the critical buckling load of the microplate are given.

Analysis of stress concentration factor of corroded steel member under fatigue load versus time

2025-06-25T18:06:50+00:00

This study focuses on analyzing the fatigue behavior of corroded steel structures. Accordingly, the accelerated corrosion experiments on steel structure working with concrete were conducted in the laboratory. Due to the increasing number of corrosion cycles to analyze the corrosion change process over time. The obtained corrosion specimens were taken out to conduct the fatigue behavior. The crack formation and propagation leading to fatigue damage combined with corrosion is very complex. This study proposed a method to determine the stress concentration factor Kt by the finite element method. Based on that, the optimal size, element mesh, and number of layers on the FEM model were also specifically presented. The confidence curve was proposed to design the fatigue life (S-N) of corroded steel plate in contact with concrete in terms of effective thickness. The results from this study will add useful knowledge to the design and maintenance of steel structures in practice.

Wave-Structure Interactions of a Floating FPSO-Shaped Body

2025-06-25T18:06:50+00:00

This study explores wave-structure interactions of a Floating Production Storage and Off-loading (FPSO) model to analyze the wave scatter field around it, based on experiments conducted in the Ocean Basin at Plymouth University's COAST Laboratory. The influence of wave steepness and incident wave direction on wave-structure interactions was examined. Focused wave groups, generated using NewWave with an underlying JONSWAP spectrum, were tested. A phase-inversion method was employed to isolate linear and higher-harmonic components of the free-surface elevation around the FPSO, as well as the mooring line force and model motion response. Results indicate that linear harmonic scattered waves were significantly reduced for the floating model compared to the fixed model. However, second-harmonic scattered waves increased notably near the bow and along the side of the floating model. Higher-harmonic scattered waves increase with increasing incident wave steepness. Additionally, the higher harmonics of mooring line force, heave, and pitch motions also rose with greater wave steepness.

Modular construction for sustainable social housing in Vietnam: Insights from a multistakeholder perspective

2025-06-26T09:03:20+00:00

Modular construction (MC) is increasingly recognised as a viable solution to the growing need for affordable, sustainable social housing, especially in rapidly urbanising countries like Vietnam. Despite its potential benefits in terms of construction speed, waste reduction, and quality control, the uptake of MC in Vietnam remains limited. This study identifies and evaluates 22 barriers and 12 drivers of MC adoption in the Vietnamese social housing sector, drawing on survey data from 256 construction professionals representing five key stakeholder groups: clients, contractors, consultants, policymakers, and academics. Statistical analyses, including reliability testing, mean score ranking, and ANOVA, reveal significant divergence in stakeholder perceptions. The results indicate that the most critical barriers, including the lack of experience among suppliers and designers, inflexible design processes, and high upfront investment costs. In addition, key drivers identified, including early design finalisation, dimensional standardisation, pilot projects, and international knowledge transfer. Based on the findings, the study proposes tailored policy implications for key stakeholders. Policymakers should mandate BIM for MC projects, offer financial incentives, and establish R&D centres to foster innovation. Contractors and consultants are encouraged to adopt BIM comprehensively and engage in pilot MC projects to strengthen technical capacity. Clients and developers would benefit from access to benchmarking data and international partnerships to reduce perceived risks. Educational and research institutions should introduce targeted training and innovation hubs to bridge skill gaps. These recommendations offer a practical roadmap for advancing MC in sustainable social housing development in Vietnam and similar contexts.

Spatial concepts for underground public spaces in the surrounding areas of metro stations in Hanoi’s historical inner city

2025-06-26T09:19:07+00:00

Underground public spaces have developed significantly in cities, such as in Japan, Singapore and Europe. These spaces effectively connect urban railway stations with commercial, cultural and recreational facilities, as a response to the pressure of urbanization and land shortage. In Vietnam, particularly within the historic center of Hanoi, the increasing population, high building density and limited public spaces also emphasize the necessity for developing underground public spaces. These could supplement existing amenities, alleviate the burden on infrastructure and preserve urban heritage. This paper aims to propose solutions for designing underground public spaces connected to urban railway stations. The key research methodology combines case study, mapping and questionnaire survey. Case studies are chosen in three areas: Hang Dau station, Kim Lien station and the station at the intersection of Lieu Giai – Nguyen Chi Thanh – Dao Tan – Kim Ma streets with different development characteristics in Hanoi’s inner city. The paper proposes a spatial concept for multifunctional and flexible underground public spaces. The results will contribute to urban planning and urban management practices, and particularly to the enhancement of the quality of life in Hanoi.

Considering the performance of the ConXL connection using added T-stubs

2025-06-26T09:20:16+00:00

Among the existing ideas to provide a column section, the box section accounted as a suitable idea for both gravity and lateral loading. Although the box-columns section pertains to a considerable advantage such as low slenderness ratio (increase the bucking strength) and post-buckling strength, and high ductility, providing continued plate for moment resisting frame is complicated. Accordingly, several ideas have been proposed to solve this problem, among them, the use of ConXL connection has better performance and more acceptance. In this paper, the ConXL connection and an idea to improve its performance were studied numerically and parametrically. Results indicated that all types of ConXL pertain to a suitable performance that has a capacity of more than 80% plastic moment of the beam and greater than the rotation of 0.04 rad. Moreover, adding a T-stub increases the energy dissipation and ultimate strength of the connection. This was noted that an unfilled column could be effectively utilized, provided that the thickness of the column is appropriately increased.

Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering (JSTCE) - HUCE

Table of Contents

Research on traffic organisation to prohibit left turn at signalised intersections in Hanoi

Fuzzy possibility-based safety assessment of portal steel frame

An analytical model for evaluating lateral load-displacement curve of corroded reinforced concrete beams under cyclic loading

Multi-objective optimization for nonlinear steel frames using a parameter-less MOO algorithm and XGBoost

Risk-based earned value management with cost–time mutual effect to enhance construction forecasts and management

Extreme gradient boosting model for forecasting slump and compressive strength of highperformance concrete

Enhancement of polyvinyl alcohol adsorbent via crosslink with citric acid and L-lysine for biochemical recovery from food processing waste streams

Pedestrian flow counting at urban intersections using a retrained YOLOv8 model

Buckling analysis of GPL-reinforced FGM microplates using Pb-2 Ritz functions

Analysis of stress concentration factor of corroded steel member under fatigue load versus time

Wave-Structure Interactions of a Floating FPSO-Shaped Body

Modular construction for sustainable social housing in Vietnam: Insights from a multistakeholder perspective

Spatial concepts for underground public spaces in the surrounding areas of metro stations in Hanoi’s historical inner city

Considering the performance of the ConXL connection using added T-stubs